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oˮ̎жcđ(yng)ñ^
ժҪĽB˶Ⱥͳڽoˮ̎еđ(yng)ãCԼ(jng)ԵȷMһϵеı^ŬF(xin)ˮSˮ̎ˇĸMṩһą
P(gun)I~ ˮ̎
he Comparison Between Chlorine Dioxide and Ozone in Application of
Feed Water Treatment
Qiao yong Zhang yuxian
(School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University,
Shanghai, 200092, P.R.China
Abstract In this article, we try to do some work for the
improvements of the drinking water treatment process. The
application of chlorine oxide (ClO2) and ozone (O3) is introduced.
And a comprehensive comparasion is made on their mechanism,
characteristics ; also, economic analyses are made.
Key words chlorine oxide ; ozone ; disinfect ; drinking water
treatment
Ŀǰ҇oˮБ(yng)õҺȞSԴˮȾ׃UˮиNЙCĺ\Һa(chn)ȴЙCеĮa(chn)ͻ׃M˂ˮ|(zh)ҪIJߣȵĸȫ(jng)ɞoˮ̎һl(f)չ^ǰ;ǶȣClO2ͳO3
1.ȣClO2
1.1 ȵđ(yng)
ʮoƌW(xu)Dary
H.l(f)F(xin)ClO2wʮo40_ʼ(yng)ʳƷӹĚ켈Ưˮă̎ڶȲcЙCﷴ(yng)THMsˮ̎Б(yng)ԽԽV1983ҭh(hun)֣EPAˮȼ麬0.1mg/L]ʹClO2
İȫԱl(wi)MWHOОA1Jϵĸ?lin)Qa(chn)ƷĿǰ͚WǧˮSClO2
҇t켈ИI(y)(yng)ԁˮS
ڽoˮ̎ClO2HЧ߀ɿ]ͶԭˮǰVǰMA(y)gԿζȷӻa(chn)ζȣֹLӏ^VҲȥˮеFiɫ⣬WһЩҌClO2
O3 Cl2Y(ji)ˮ̎ȡ^õЧ
1.2 ȵ|(zh)
ȣClO2أ20棩һNSGɫĚwcȚ⡢ƵĴ̼Ԛζ67.45ȿ՚c-59棬c11
ClO2 Oˮcˮ(yng)22rܽȼsȵ5_2.9g/LClO2
ˮеܽSض߶ͬrȷӵӽY(ji)(gu)mDz͠B(ti)ˮЅsԾۺϠB(ti)@ClO2
ˮѸٔUɢʮClO2 ˮҺד]l(f)^ߜضcClO2 - cClO3 - (yng)ܹ͜ر
(j)BClO2
ڳ¿ɉstɫҺwOד]l(f)O(wn)Cеײ|ЙCﶼl(f)ըڿ՚еweȳ^10%ˮНȳ^30%rҲl(f)ը^ClO2
Һ10g/Lr]бըΣU
ClO2 ضȺ⾀У܉sMҺ\ݔֻʹÕrF(xin)RrƂ
1.3 ȵC
鏊ClO2 ԗl¾кԣ
ClO2 + 4H+ + 5e = Cl- + 2H2O
ˮSpH7ԗl
ClO2 + e = ClO2 -
ClO2 - + 2H2O + 4e = Cl- + 4OH -
ClO2 ܌ˮS2- SO32- NO2 - ߀ԭȥ߀ȥˮеFe2+ Mn2+
ؽxӵˮЙCCl2HȡClO2
߀ԭ܌ֳȽҽa(chn)ﲻȼʽ
ClO2 һNVVЧĚCѿߡȾõĚЧP(gun)ClO2
CɶNһJClO2
:^õʹܝB(ni)c-SHø(yng)ʹ֮ѸʧƼ(ni)|(zh)ĺϳɣĶ_Ŀ
ڼdžμĵͼøϵֲڼĤܵClO2
ʧ˺̈́:øϵλڼ|(zh)֮ܵϵy(tng)ıoClO2yԺøֱӽ|䌦˺̈́Σ^С
1.4 ȵ
ClO2-^ˮЙCx
1 ClO2-ȵ2.5ѸٚˮеIJԭѿxȣ
2 cȲͬClO2-ܲpHֵӰ푡@ҪᚢȄt횢
3 ClO2cȰ(yng)ںߵˮҲl(f)]ܺõĚʹtܴܵӰ
4 ClO2SˮߜӴĶaˮClO2ˮܽȵ½
5 ClO2ĚڹܾW(wng)гm(x)LrgʌĜЧȳȸЧ
6 ClO2^ÓɫȥζFiЧ
7
ClO2ֻxcijЩЙCM(yng)麬FĮa(chn)a(chn)ȻЙCͶСsͶ40%,ҲˮаӰClO2ʹˮȼp90%
1.5 ȵƂ估(jng)Ա^
ClO2-Ƃ䷽лW(xu)(yng)늽ʳ}xӽQлW(xu)늽ⷨa(chn)ϑ(yng)^
1.5.1 W(xu)
W(xu)(yng)ȡClO2ķУ
1 }cc(yng)
5NaClO2 + 4HCl = 5NaCl + 4HCl + 2H2O
2 }cc(yng)
2NaClO 3 + 4HCl = 2NaCl + 2ClO2 + 2H2O
3 ҺϷ(yng)
2NaClO2 + Cl2 = 2NaCl + 2ClO2
(j)3ƵClO2l(f)ʹÕrwcڷ(yng)Կ՚ϡጵȚͨ^(yng)@ӿڷ(yng)^һֱ^ācʹȫȚⶼc(yng)Ķa(chn)лȚNaClO2rF@Nijɱc\M^yˮ̎ƏV
ĿǰһՄĻW(xu)ȡClO2ָ1@Na(chn)Ҏ(gu)ģ^СO(sh)了ڌF(xin)Ԅӻmˮ̎a(chn)(yng)Ć}ͬNaClO2rFԓClO2Փa(chn)ֻ80%ˣй˾ƳʹNaClO3
H2SO4 (yng)ȡClO2ĶȰl(f)䷴(yng)ԭǣ
2NaClO3 + 2NaCl + 2H2SO4 = 2ClO2 + Cl2 + 2H2O + 2Na2SO4
(yng)Еa(chn)ȚÑٸ(j)Ҫw
2NaClO2 + Cl2 = 2NaCl + 2ClO2
(j)QԓNl(f)a(chn)ĻϚwClO2 ռ70%30%Cl2
ʹüClO2ĺ_95%ԓl(f)rͬҎ(gu)늽ⷨl(f)1/2ʹNaClO2
İl(f)r߀O(sh)Bm(x)\D(zhun)ҲgЪʹl(f){(dio)ͬrNaClO3rֻNaClO2rʮ֮һ\M^һĸ
1.5.2 늽ⷨ
늽NaClҺa(chn)ClO2ʳ}ԭϣøĤ늽ˇꖘOעʳ}ˮꎘOҼԁˮͨԴʹxӶwĶꖘOҼ늘O܇a(chn)ClO2
O3 H2O2 Cl2 ȻϚwa(chn)пͨ^늽ض}ˮꖘOClO3-ȷClO2
a(chn)ʡa(chn)ĻϚwClO2Hռ10%O3 H2O2
Ț@͟oҺȱcͬrClO2ҲyԾ_ӋO(sh)(f)sדpIJrF\оSoyĿǰ(ni)Զô˷
ҲЈQ늽ⷨa(chn)һNClO2ď(f)ɷClO2ռ37%Cl2ռ27%O3ռ15%H2O2ռ10%ռ11%ٶO3
> ClO2 > Cl2 O(sh)3 ClO2
ȽˮеЙCֽM27%Cl2ɱCˮȡ@͚ˮP(wn)ˮ|(zh)кܺõЧ
Һw(wn)ClO2w(wn)ClO2о(j)P(gun)YͶ10mg/LҺMˎɱs0.022Ԫ/ˮHClNaClO2ȡClO20.5mg/LͶӣˮɱs0.02ԪҺw(wn)ԶȺw(wn)Զˎɱքeÿˮ0.35Ԫ0.12ԪͶ0.5mg/L@Ȼ(jng)^
1.6 ʹöȴڵĆ}
ClO2ˮк50%70%D(zhun)׃?yu)ClO2-cClO3-ܶClO2-ClO3-ѪtГpմxиɔ_߀ʹѪҺđ̴EPAhrClO2
ClO2-ClO3-<1.0mg/LʹȺӰH(yng)ClO2Ą0.5mg/L
ClO2ֽЙC^xԡȥˮеFe2+Mn2+軯ӵٰ尷ˮеIJζsȩͪЙC(do)ȥص
|(zh)^ױը䱾ҲжԡʹClO2rҪʮעⰲȫһClO2Ƃϵy(tng)Б(yng)ԭϡጝֹ`(yng)(yng)ȫʩClO2Ҫ͜رܹClO2܇gûNO(sh)õͨLQO(sh)
2. O3
2.1 đ(yng)
1840ʿW(xu)SchnbeinC˳Ĵ1886귨Meritenusl(f)F(xin)К1893mȌ(yng)ˮ̎1906귨NicenjڴҎ(gu)ģˮSˮ̎нvʷ
ٶȿܽFiγɸ߃rʹ֮ȥɌ軯ӵжк|(zh)o|(zh)ɫ|(zh)ĶpζɫȣɌyֽĴЙCֽСЙCʹ֮オʹóA(y)̎߀ã߳ˮˮ|(zh)(yng)ó̎^Юa(chn)к|(zh)
ĿǰǧˮSʹóM̎ښWҪѰѳȥˮȾһNҪֶˮȃ20o70ԁS߀(yng)ڳˮI(y)Uˮѭh(hun)sˮ̎Mокܶɹӡ70_ʼ҇Ҳ_ʼóˇ̎ȾˮˮԴԇоF(xin)ڇ(ni)Д(sh)ʮˮS(yng)ڌHa(chn)
2.2 |(zh)
O3һNĴ̼ԚζIJ(wn)w\{ɫҺB(ti){ɫO3dzģˮе߀ԭλ2.07VȞ1.36VȞ1.50VO3^gԡ
O3ڿ՚ЕзֽO2ͬrųğȳ^25%rױըһ՚O3ĝȲ^10%l(f)ը
ژ˜ʉ͜ضܽȱ10ȿ՚250rˮеܽȿ_1.371g/LO3ˮв(wn)ںs|(zh)ˮҺѸٷֽO2a(chn)OĆԭOuOHȾИOõ|(zh)u߀ԭλ2.80V20rO3ԁˮеİ˥ڼs20犡
2.3 C
O3ˮl(f)ɷN(yng)һNֱ(yng)ٶxԸcӵȷ廯PҴȷ(yng)һNO3ֽa(chn)uɻĶl(f)朷(yng)˷(yng)߀a(chn)ʮֻЏĆԭO˲rֽˮЙC|(zh)
O3 O2 +O
O+ H2O 2OH
uǏBi(yng)ʹˮЙCֽ⡣
ҺpHֵ7rO3Էֽӄɻͷ(yng)ռ(do)λ@N(yng)ٶȿ죬xԵ
C֪O3ˮ̎ˮеĶ(sh)ЙCʹ֮FiȟoC߀ԭ|(zh)O3кܸߵ߀ԭλƉĻֽ⼚ļͨ^:ĤѸٔUɢ(ni)еøЙCƉ会ĤMY(ji)(gu)ĵ|(zh)ǺȏĶ(do)¼O3
܉嚢ѿߵ^ҲܺõĜ
2.4
1 O3ЧğoȾdzģO3 >ClO2 >Cl2
>NH2Clȵ2ȵĔ(sh)ٱ܉ֽˮеЙCȥoC߀ԭ|(zh)ܘOѸٵؚˮеļԭw
2O3pHֵˮؼˮкӰ^СҲһxGùùȌO3пˎ^LrgܚO3ˮrˮĝȡɫȌЧӰஔһO3ڟoCЙCֽ
3O3ȥˮЙCa(chn)ζЧÓɫCl2ClO2ЧѸ١
4
ͶO3ܸ׃Сw늺ɵ|(zh)ʹСʹ늵СwۼͬrO3ܽЙC^У߀ڡáЧһ
5O3ЧãСÿ죬a(chn)ȼк|(zh)ͬr߀ʹˮ^õĸйָˡO3һЩBĜhhˮO3ֽٶȿ죬oSֹܾW(wng)һʣˮƽͨO3ˮͶϵ
6O3܌ˮвĴЙCֽСЙCˮгʹˮܽm(x)̎e̎ṩ˸õėlĽ(jng)Ͽ]O
3 Ͷ̫صm(x)ˇ̎Ҳa(chn)uк|(zh)
7 ˮ̎^(yng)MҪµu|(zh)uһγO3Ҳyȥ
2.5 Ƃ估(jng)Է
a(chn)O3ķПo늷䷨⾀늽ⷨڌHˮS(yng)жßo늷
ʹ⣨O2-D(zhun)׃O3ҪкܴOOIѽԭo늾øӁZʹֽԭӣ
O2 2O
xԭЩϳɳ
3O O3
ЩºϳɞЩtϳɞO3
O + O2 O3
(yng)ǿɵO3Ҳֽɞԭӻ⡣ͨ^늅^(q)ֻһ܉׃O3a(chn)O3ָͨһO3Ŀ՚Q՚⣬Ǽ
ÿa(chn)1ǧO3ՓҪ0.836kWhÿ՚a(chn)O3rֻ46%ЧHÿǧO3
1520kWhüa(chn)O3늺Ĵsɽһҡ
(j)Ŀǰļg(sh)ˮƽO3a(chn)ԭϷ֞՚⡢ҺN
ҺһmСҎ(gu)ģ<50kg/h׃ؓF(xin)ȡmڳ>50kg/hҎ(gu)ģø՚ȡO3@õijһ13%üҺa(chn)ijȿ_10%ҿ՚ȡO3늺ļsɷN2
(j)P(gun)ø՚F(xin)ƼُIҺNȡO3ÿǧO3a(chn)ɱքes16.0Ԫ12.0Ԫ17.3ԪҊF(xin)ȡkɱ͡Ͷ5mg/LӋÿˮO3̎ɱ0.06Ԫ
HУO 3
Ϊʹcw̿(lin)ÌˮM̎̿ˮ̎ˇЧáa(chn)ɱMзˮSҎ(gu)ģ540f/ró̿ˇӵˮɱ0.100.15Ԫ/֮g(j)҇ԁˮSĹˮrˮ|(zh)˂ˮƽ]@NˇȫԽܵ
2.6 ʹóڵĆ}
O3Ҳʮȫʮ(yng)O3ҲһЩ}O3a(chn)
ȾˮԴЙCN࣬O3cЙCﷴ(yng)һϵеga(chn)ҪȫMЙzyǷdzyl(wi)MWHOͼȩO
3a(chn)ָ
ڽ(jng)ԭO3ͶܴЙCȫoC⣬ʹ^ͶO3
Ҳ|(zh)F(xin)ҲʹЙCȫVO3(sh)ЙCa(chn)IJȫa(chn)KO3Mһֽ(do)O3܌@Щga(chn)ȫҴͬrO3ЧȥˮЙCȻoЧ
O3̎rcЙCﷴ(yng)ɲȩh(hun)ж|(zh)wвӰ푡ˮк^xO3ᡣcua(chn)ǰwﷴ(yng)a(chn)º廯a(chn)x߀ܱMһ}xĶ(do)³ˮͻ׃ˮпͬЙC̼AOCܕˮмٶȷֳ˾SֹܾW(wng)ʣڳ̎ټȻȰ̎քeȻ裬ɞµa(chn)䶾ԬF(xin)вijЩr(nng)ˎO3Įa(chn)ܸк
wfmȻ(yng)O3rиa(chn)ɣһrȲԆ}Ҳ(j)ĿǰоoՓڸa(chn)Ͷ߀ڳˮͻ׃ԷO3Cl2ClO2
Y(ji)Փ
1.ClO2O3ǸЧ,
pHֵˮаӰ푾^Сa(chn)ȼҺa(chn)Ʒ
2.ClO2 O3 иߵķ(wn)ԣͬrֱȾиO 3
ór˾SֹܾW(wng)еijm(x)ҪȡȰȵo
3. uyȥԭˮֳ|(zh)ӺߵˮShʹClO2O3MA(y)̎
4.
ˮ̎вO3ҪȲClO2ɱԸˮ|(zh)vó̿ˇҪȲClO2ͽ(jng)ˮƽԣ@ɷNMˮ|(zh)ķǿԽܵˮSԸ(j)wr(yng)ĵĴʩ
5. ClO2 O3жԺgʹעⰲȫoʩ
īI
1.ȣF(xin)cl(f)չЇoˮˮ1996,12(5)
2.S㣮ȥˮеr(nng)ˎȴЙCˮg(sh)1997,59(1)
3.W(xu)ƣˮˮg(sh)1998,64(2)
4.ԄPˮl(f)չϽoˮ2000,5
5.fȣˮ׃ClO 2 ȡҺȵǰh(hun)oƌW(xu)2000,26(4)
6.SAˮطN̎ͬW(xu)磮
7.M.A xJµAl(f)ˮ̎ˇW(xu)AW(xu)磮
8.ȣl(f)(yng)üg(sh)F(xin)Ϻh(hun)ƌW(xu)1999,18(10)
9.ˮˮ|(zh)̎g(sh)(jng)oˮˮ1998,24(12)
10.Ǖ܊ȣO 3 ˮ̎ϵđ(yng)ãˮ̎g(sh)1997,23(5)
11.ˮ̎O(sh)Ӌ°l(f)չʯͻh(hun)1998,3
12.AϺܼҶˮSԇعеđ(yng)ãϽoˮˮ2001,2
13.κȥˮЙCоc(yng)ìF(xin)Їoˮˮ1996,12(5)
14.Ƃ飮ˇˮ̎g(sh)䑪(yng)ãoˮO(sh)Ӌ1993,2
15.ꐳioˮ̎еija(chn)Pƣˮg(sh)1998,64(2)
ϢԴ(lin)W(wng)
؈@ؙ
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